Презентация «Solar Radiation»

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Презентация «Solar Radiation»

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Solar Radiation The energy emitted by the Sun is called SOLAR RADIATION. It is the only source of en
Solar Radiation The energy emitted by the Sun is called SOLAR RADIATION. It is the only source of energy for the Earth. Other sources: Earth’s surface – 5000 times less, Stars – 30. 000. 000 times …
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«Solar Radiation», слайд 2
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Energetic state of a body Any body the temperature of which is above 0 K radiates energy. Equilibriu
Energetic state of a body Any body the temperature of which is above 0 K radiates energy. Equilibrium state Non-equilibrium state
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Units and notions The unit of radiant energy is Joule (J) or kJ, mJ, hJ. The basic characteristics o
Units and notions The unit of radiant energy is Joule (J) or kJ, mJ, hJ. The basic characteristics of radiation is FLUX of RADIANT ENERGY. Amount of energy emitted (or passing) through the unit of …
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Wave nature of the radiant flux Radiant energy spreads in form of waves of different length. Distrib
Wave nature of the radiant flux Radiant energy spreads in form of waves of different length. Distribution of energy in wavelength is very important characteristics. Let’s take wavelength interval …
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«Solar Radiation», слайд 6
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Absorption, reflection, transmission As a monochromatic flux of radiation falls on a body and passin
Absorption, reflection, transmission As a monochromatic flux of radiation falls on a body and passing through it, the flux is partly absorbed, partly reflected, and the remaining part is allowed for …
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Special properties of bodies Absolutely Black body (Bb)
Special properties of bodies Absolutely Black body (Bb)
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Transmission function for the atmosphere The atmosphere is a transparent body. Meteorologists usuall
Transmission function for the atmosphere The atmosphere is a transparent body. Meteorologists usually deal with some layers of it. Monochromatic entering flux Outgoing flux
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Kirchhoff’s law There is a good relation between absorption and emittance of a body. The ratio Em/Ab
Kirchhoff’s law There is a good relation between absorption and emittance of a body. The ratio Em/Ab does not depend on the nature of the body. It is the same function B(λ,T) for every of bodies. …
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Gustav Robert Kirchhoff Wilhelm Wien 1824 –1887 Born Königsberg, Kingdom of Prussia He coined the te
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff Wilhelm Wien 1824 –1887 Born Königsberg, Kingdom of Prussia He coined the term "black body" radiation in 1862
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Max Planck 1858 –1947 Planck was gifted when it came to music. He took singing lessons and played pi
Max Planck 1858 –1947 Planck was gifted when it came to music. He took singing lessons and played piano, organ and cello(Violoncello ), and composed songs and operas. However, instead of music he …
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1-st Wien’s law (Displacement law) Distribution of energy in an absolute Bb radiation spectrum is no
1-st Wien’s law (Displacement law) Distribution of energy in an absolute Bb radiation spectrum is not homogeneous. It depends on the body temperature. Suppose: There is one wavelength (λm) where …
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Practical application of the 1 Wien’s law?
Practical application of the 1 Wien’s law?
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Much of a person's energy is radiated away in the form of infrared light. Some materials are tr
Much of a person's energy is radiated away in the form of infrared light. Some materials are transparent in the infrared, while opaque to visible light, as is the plastic bag in this infrared …
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Temperatures of flames by appearance The temperature of flames with carbon particles emitting light
Temperatures of flames by appearance The temperature of flames with carbon particles emitting light can be assessed by their color: Red Just visible: 525 °C (980 °F) Dull: 700 °C (1,300 °F) Cherry, …
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Some interesting results gained from the 1-st Wien’s law
Some interesting results gained from the 1-st Wien’s law
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The total flux and 2-nd Wien’s law The total flux of Bb radiation includes energy of all wavelengths
The total flux and 2-nd Wien’s law The total flux of Bb radiation includes energy of all wavelengths emitted by the body. After integration 2-nd Wien’s law
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Grey body Since in the nature there are no absolutely black bodies, we may call all of them grey bod
Grey body Since in the nature there are no absolutely black bodies, we may call all of them grey bodies. The grey body is a body the absorption capability of which is the same for every wavelength. …
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Extinction and Bouguer’s law Notion of extinction The term extinction means weakening of the radiati
Extinction and Bouguer’s law Notion of extinction The term extinction means weakening of the radiation energy as its flux passing through a body (or atmospheric layer). Extinction=absorption + …
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«Solar Radiation», слайд 21
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Sum up of the radiation laws
Sum up of the radiation laws
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Radiant energy brightness
Radiant energy brightness
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«Solar Radiation», слайд 24
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Brightness - emittance relation in isotropic field of radiation
Brightness - emittance relation in isotropic field of radiation
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Definitions
Definitions
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«Solar Radiation», слайд 27
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«Solar Radiation», слайд 28


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